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热点八：非谓语动词
[热点透视] 非谓语动词作状语、定语和补语
[难点剖析] ①非谓语动词作状语：注意前后逻辑主语一致；结合省略对考生进行综合考查；区别祈使句式和并列结构，关注标点符号，在解题时尤为关键。
②非谓语动词作定语：不定式作定语表动作尚未发生，与所修饰名词构成动宾关系。若不定式逻辑主语同时也为句子主语，用主动表被动，反之用被动(如：I’m leaving on business. Do you have anything to be taken there?)，另还需注意不及物动词加介词；现在分词作定语表动作正在进行或习惯性经常性动作；过去分词作定语表动作完成，与所修饰名词构成动宾关系。
③非谓语动词作补语：能后跟非谓语动词作宾补的动词数量有限，格外注意使役动词和感官动词；为增加试题的干扰性，将宾语和补语分离改作定语从句的先行词(如：The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see carried out the next year.)或将作宾补改作主补(如：The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.)；注意“with+ n.\pron.+补语”结构的用法。
④动词不定式作状语、定语时，注意避开定向思维的干扰。
例 Which do you enjoy to kill your spare time—watching TV or playing football?
⑤疑问词+to do 的用法。
例 It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows what to do with it.
[考题盘点]
28. (02-34) The research is so designed that once ____nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun
C. beginning D. begun
此题结合省略考查过去分词的用法，完整的从句为once it was begun,故选D。
29. (03-22) A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _____in the kitchen.
A. smoke B. smoking
C. to smoke D. smoked
现在分词作主补，是find+n.+doing sth的变形，故选B。
[备考策略] 明辨关系，看动作进展，充分考虑时态和语态，慎重选择三种形式。
[过关训练]
30. (京04-29)_____in the queue for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet at home.
A. To wait B. Have waited
C. Having waited D. To have waited
31. （沪04-35）The disk, digitally ____in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night.
A. recorded B. recording
C. to be recorded D. having recorded
Key：C A
[责任编辑:vincentyang]
