2011高考倒计时44天：英语完型突击技巧

　　前些天发布了英语阅读的一些技巧，应一些同学和家长的来电要求，希望对英语完型部分做一下指导。资深高考英语专家针对英语阅读的一些答题方式和技巧给大家做一个较为细致的考前指导，以能够进一步帮助大家。

　　先说英语完型的难点和要点。完型填空一直被广大考生公认为难点，主要难在不会把握语境，选项较为类似，难以编辑，通篇文章意思易懂，但拆分单独句子容易误解出错，故而导致完型填空丢分较多。

　　而纵从2003年以来，完形填空的命题趋势渐渐朝着淡化语法方向发展，考查的重心放在整篇文章语境的理解和上下文逻辑的推理上，这就说明，我们做题的方向首先应该放在文章的信息结构上，也就是划线部分前后的信息分析上，简而言之即划线前后提示信息。

　　很多人大谈特谈“语境”这个词，因为这个词的广义性，很多同学不理解，在完型填空上，我们把它缩小为“用句子的意思决定单词”和“划线前后之间的关联”。

　　这里反复强调一下，英语和语文属于完全不同的语言体系，语文是词决定句子意思，英语是句子决定单词。正确把握句子意思十分关键。英语的任何语法、句式结构都是为了突出某一语境而设立的，这是英语语法的起源和根本，当你了解了这一关键，做英语完型、阅读、单选就能事半功倍。尤其是完型填空。我们以2010全国卷的完型为例，阐述一下如何寻找划线前后的提示信息，如何利用英语的表达特性“句子决定单词”来解答完型填空。为方便起见，直接在文章中注释。

　　It was a busy morning，about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman in his 80s came to the

　　hospital .I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for all appointment(约会)at 9:30

　　The nurse had him take a 36-Seat in the waiting area(休息间提示36为座位), 37-telling him it would be(应该干什么提示37为告诉) at least 40 Minutes(时间提示38) 38before someone would be able to see him (提示38为之前)I saw him 39looking at his watch(提示看手表39) and decided，

　　since I was 40not busy—my patient didn’t 41 turn up at the appointed hour(整句提示40为不忙，约定的病人没有出现决定41), I would examine his wound .While taking care of his wound.I asked him if he had another doctor’s appointment

　　The gentleman said no and told me that he 42needed to go to the nursing home(回家里提示43和他的老婆) to eat breakfast(需要回家吃早点提示42) with(提示43和谁) his 43wife .He told me that she had been 44 (前面一句提示回家，用there指代)for a while and that she had a special disease I asked if she would be 45 if he was a bit late(迟到提示45担心). He replied that she 46不久 knew who he was，that she had not been able to 47 (认出) him for five years now(整句提示46为不久、47为认出). I was 48(上句因为不认识感到惊讶，或者下午对话内容也提示为惊讶) , and asked him，“And you 49仍旧 go every morning，even though(意思为即使她不知道你是谁，你仍旧每天都去提示49为) she doesn’t know who you are?”

　　He smiled and said.“She doesn’t know me but I know who she is” I had to hold back

　　50(上文信息让作者感动，落泪) as he left.Now I 51(认识到，后文提示) that in marriages，true love is 52 真爱接受最幸福的人们 of all that is The happiest people

　　don’t 53(并不一定拥有最好的东西，后文提示) have the best of everything;they just 54 (根据前后文句子意思为创造) the best of everything they have 55(生活) isn’t about how to live through the storm，but how to dance in the rain.

　　36 A breath B.test C seat D break

　　37 A persuading B promising C understanding D telling

　　38 A if B before C since D after

　　39 A taking off B.fixing C looking at D winding

　　40.A very B also C seldom D not

　　41 A turn up B show off C come on D go away

　　42 A needed B forgot C agreed D happened

　　43 A daughter B wife C mother D sister

　　44 A. late B well C around D.there

　　45 A lonely B worried C doubtful D hungry

　　46 A so far B neither C no longer D already

　　47 A recognize B answer C believe D expect

　　48 A moved B disappointed C surprised D satisfied

　　49 A only B.then C.thus D still

　　50.A curiosity B tears C words D judgment

　　51 A realize B suggest C hope D prove

　　52 A agreement B expression C acceptance D exhibition

　　53 A necessarily B completely C.naturally D frequently

　　54 A. learn B make C.favor D.try

　　55 A Adventure B Beauty C Trust D Life

　　本题所有划线部分都是依据前后文或多或少的提示信息。这是做完形题的根本方法，但是如何寻找这些信息，是一个较为头疼的问题。但是一旦给你指明了方向，却也能短时间内掌握这种方法。我们可以从文中时间词、地点词、物主代词、人称代词、事件、动作、转折词、关联词方面下手。词义辨析、纯语法的试题较少，因此大家不必担心。希望在复习的过程中大家把重点放在寻找提示信息上。

　　其实作为完形填空题，高考命题的立意是考查同学们对篇章整体意思的理解，以及对句子独立分割与关联性的整体应用。旨在要求同学们掌握用文章拆分句子、用句子判断单词的能力，本质还是阅读、理解。如果通过语法角度进行复习，无疑是南辕北辙。只有充分的从句子角度相互印证划线部分所填单词，才是最简单直观的复习方法。离高考还剩下40多天，我们要掌握的就是这种一针见血，针对应试角度出发的解题技巧，而不再是重复知识点的复习。基础知识固然重要，但若已经熟悉，就没有必要浪费时间重复复习，重点放在“如何应用上”。英语的考查角度已经从单纯的考查转变为“实际应用”，故此，如何应用才是在这时间紧迫的情况下，第一时间所抓的第一要务。

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