2016年高考英语复习专题练习及答案:冠词

　　Ⅱ.阅读理解(科普研究类+人物故事类)

　　A

　　(2014·东北三校高三联考)

　　Some colors people see late at night could cause signs of clinical depression. That was the finding of a study that builds on earlier study findings. They show that individuals who live or work in low levels of light overnight can develop clinical depression. Doctors use the word “clinical depression” to describe severe form of depression. Signs may include loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, low energy levels and thoughts of death or suicide.

　　In the new study, American investigators designed an experiment that exposed hamsters(仓鼠) to different colors. The researchers chose hamsters because they are nocturnal, which means they sleep during the day and are active at night.

　　The animals were separated into four groups. One group of hamsters was kept in the dark during their night­time period. Another group was placed in front of a blue light, a third group slept in front of a white light, while a fourth was put in front of a red light.

　　After four weeks, the researchers noted how much sugary water the hamsters drank. They found that the most depressed animals drank the least amount of water.

　　Randy Nelson heads the Department of Neuroscience at Ohio State University. He says animals that slept in the blue light and white light appeared to be the most depressed. “What we saw is that these animals didn't show any sleep uneasiness at all but they did mess up biological clock genes and they did show depressive sign, while if they were in the dim red light, they did not. ”

　　Randy Nelson notes that photosensitive (感光的) cells in the eyes have little to do with eyesight. He says these cells send signals to the area of the brain that controls what has been called the natural sleep­wake cycle.

　　He says there's a lot of blue in the white light. This explains why the blue light and white light hamsters appear to be more depressed than the hamsters seeing the red light or darkness.

　　1. Researchers use hamsters in the experiment because ________.

　　A. they are similar to humans in dealing with colors

　　B. they are easy to observe and study

　　C. they are sensitive to colors like human beings

　　D. they are active at night and sleep during the day

　　2. What sign shows that the hamsters are depressed?

　　A. They drink less sugary water.

　　B. They don't sleep well.

　　C. Their eyesight becomes worse.

　　D. Their energy level becomes low.

　　3. ________ tends to cause hamsters to be depressed.

　　A. A dim light B. A red light

　　C. A blue light D. Darkness

　　4. What can help people who work late at night to avoid being depressed?

　　A. Not being exposed to a dim red light when using computers.

　　B. Equipping their computer screen to put it more in a reddish light.

　　C. Living or working in low levels of light overnight.

　　D. Going to see doctors of clinical depression regularly for help.

　　答案：

　　【语篇解读】　这是一篇科普文。美国的研究人员通过动物实验发现，通宵在昏暗的光线下生活和工作的人可能会患上重度抑郁症。

　　1. D　解析：细节理解题。第二段说，选择仓鼠作为实验对象是因为它们白天睡觉，夜间活动，因此选D。

　　2. A　解析：细节理解题。第四段说，研究人员发现喝糖水最少的仓鼠最为抑郁，因此选A。

　　3. C　解析：细节理解题。第五段说，在蓝色和白色灯光下睡觉的仓鼠表现得最为抑郁，因此选C。

　　4. B　解析：推理判断题。最后一段说，生活在蓝色和白色灯光下的仓鼠比生活在红色灯光下或黑暗中的仓鼠更抑郁，因此在红色光线中工作能防止抑郁，故B项正确。

　　B

　　John Cruitt, 62, spent decades tracking down his third­grade teacher.

　　He wanted to talk with Cecile Doyle about 1958—the year his mother, who was seriously ill, passed away.

　　Her death came just days before Christmas. Cruitt had been expecting to go home from school and decorate the Christmas tree.

　　“When I found out she died, I could certainly relate to that, because when I was 11, my own father died，” Doyle tells Cruitt at StoryCorps in Monroe, N.Y.“And you just don't know how you're going to go on without that person.”

　　When Cruitt returned to school, Doyle waited until all of the other children left the room at the end of the day, and told him that she was there if he needed her.

　　“Then you kissed me on the head，” Cruitt says. “And I felt that things really would be OK.”

　　“Well, Cruitt, I'm so glad that I could be there with you for that time，” says Doyle, 82.

　　Decades after his mother's death, Cruitt began to think more and more of Doyle. He finally wrote a letter：

　　Dear Mrs. Doyle，

　　If you are not the Cecile Doyle who taught English at Emerson School in Kearny, N.J., then I'm embarrassed, and you can disregard the letter.

　　My name is John Cruitt, and I was in your third­grade class during the 1958—1959 school year. Two days before Christmas, my mother passed away, and you told me that you were there if I needed you. I hope life has been as kind to you as you were to me.

　　God bless you.

　　John Cruitt

　　Doyle says his letter, which arrived in February, could not have come at a better time. Her husband, who passed away this August, was struggling with Parkinson's disease.

　　“And I had just come home from the hospital, and I read this beautiful letter, and I just was over­whelmed，” she says.

　　“Well the funny thing is, when I finally wrote to you again after 54 years, I typed the letter—I was afraid my penmanship wasn't going to meet your standards，” Cruitt says as Doyle laughs.

　　“John, what can I say—I' m just glad that we made a difference in each other's life.”

　　5. After Cruitt's mother's death, ________.

　　A. Cruitt totally relied on his father

　　B. Doyle' s words brought him comfort

　　C. Cruitt didn't go to school regularly

　　D. Doyle asked his classmates to help him

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