2014年北京高三一模考试《英语》试题及答案

　　第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)

　　第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，共30分)

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　Picking tomatoes

　　For as long as I can remember, Grandma’s plentiful tomato garden has been a sign of summer’s end. Each September, just as the decreased heat of the sun suggests cooler days, Grandma requests my help in her tomato garden. She convinces me she cannot pick tomatoes without my youthful eyes and quick mind. She says we need to examine each tomato and agree on its readiness for picking. While Grandma’s request for my help in the tomato garden is always the same, her desire for my help seems to increase each day.

　　Grandma has eyes for finding even the tomatoes hidden by undergrowth and other tomatoes. I, however, just turn circles looking for the ones I think Grandma will like. I spot what looks like a ripe tomato, hand in its direction, and then get sidetracked by another that appears to be equally ripe. I usually end up watching Grandma and trying to stay out of her way, which seems the only way my eyes and mind are useful.

　　There we are, lost in the tomato vines. Grandma’s eyes are always knowing, and they are no difference in the vegetable garden. From afar she spots what looks like a ripe tomato. As she walks toward the garden, she evaluates the tomato for a second time, but from a different angle. I already know it will end up in the basket with the pile of others Grandma has carefully chosen. However, Grandma acts as if she needs a final look to be sure. She calls me to her side, kneels beside the vine while enjoying the warmth of the fading sunlight on her face, and grasps the tomato in her hand. She turns each round, red ball toward the sunlight before disconnecting it from the vine with a half-hearted smile.

　　She then looks at me. I nod my head and smile. Grandma assumes I smile in agreement with her tomato selection. I know I smile, instead, at her.

　　56. Why does Grandma ask the author to go to the tomato garden with her?

　　A. He can help pick more tomatoes. B. He can learn the hardship of labor.

　　C. She enjoys staying with him while working. D. She tries to share the happiness of harvest with him.

　　57. The second paragraph shows that the author __________________.

　　A. is an inefficient tomato picker.

　　B. really has youthful eyes and quick mind

　　C. has spent a lot of time gardening with Grandma

　　D. is a naughty child trying to be out of Grandma’s sight

　　58. In the last paragraph, the author smiles to Grandma because he ____________.

　　A. realizes her true intentions B. feels very happy to pick tomatoes for her

　　C. confirms that her choice of tomato is great D. appreciates her skill in finding out ripe tomatoes

　　59. What can we infer from the story?

　　A. The grandchild will become more skillful at gardening than Grandma.

　　B. Grandma will develop more patience in working with the grandchild.

　　C. The grandchild will gradually become more independent of Grandma.

　　D. Grandma’s need for the grandchild’s company will grow over time.

　　B

　　Volunteering

　　You have seen news reports about people who need assistance after a natural disaster, or TV programmes about how lonely and isolated older people can get. Maybe you’ve walked past people who are living on the streets.

　　So what can you do about any of those things, you ask? The answer: you can volunteer.

　　Volunteering gives you an opportunity to change people’s lives, including your own. Helping others in need is such an important part of life. So how do you go about it?

　　Find What’s Right for You

　　Volunteering isn’t like school: instead of having the choices made for you about where to go and what subjects to learn, you’ve got to pick. You can choose what really interests you and who or what is most deserving of your time.

　　Find What Fits Your Schedule

　　After you’ve discovered what interests you, decide how much time you want to spend and what fits into your schedule.

　　Expand Your Mind

　　Volunteering is a great way to learn new skills – from working as part of a team to setting and reaching goals. It gives you a chance to discover what kinds of things you’re best at and enjoy the most. Volunteering can provide you with a sense of responsibility because people really depend upon you. And it can help you develop a new understanding of people who are different from you – people with disabilities, people in financial problems, sick kids, or the elderly.

　　Feel Good

　　Volunteering helps people feel they make a difference – that they do have the power to change things for the better. When people depend on you, it can change the way you look at yourself. You can feel proud of what you’ve achieved. Volunteering is also a great way to get a perspective on your own life.

　　60. According to the passage, volunteering is a way to _________.

　　A. discover what is interesting B. make others depend on you

　　C. change things for better D. improve your skills

　　61. From the passage we learn that ____________.

　　A. we can find places to volunteer by watching TV

　　B. only by helping others can we really see ourselves clearly

　　C. doing something for others is a way to change the world

　　D. if you don’t have any money to donate, you should volunteer to work

　　62. Which of the effects of volunteering is NOT mentioned?

　　A. Finding out what you enjoy doing.

　　B. Giving the volunteer a sense of responsibility.

　　C. Helping brings good fortune to the elderly.

　　D. Developing understanding of people different from you.

　　C

　　Blind imitation is self-destruction. To those who do not recognize their unique worth, imitation appears attractive; to those who know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.

　　In the early stages of skill or character development, imitation is helpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. Why follow someone else’s way of cooking when I could create my own? Imitation role models is like using training wheels on a child’s bicycle; they help you get going, but once you find your own balance, you fly faster and farther without relying on them.

　　In daily life, imitation can hurt us if we subconsciously (下意识地) hold poor role models. If, as a child, you observed people whose lives were bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow what they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you will get the results of the weak choices of others.

　　In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebrities. Those stars look great may be disastrous. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character or unacceptable behaviors.

　　Blessed is the person willing to act on their sudden desire to create something unique. Think of the movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations were motivated by inspiration, not desperation. The world is changed not by those who do what has been done before them, but by those who do what has been done inside them. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas. The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is what to do with all the material knocking at the door of imagination.

　　Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind what does not serve you. Then you can say, “I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors’ tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on.”

　　63. To avoid the bad result of imitation, we should ___________.

　　A. forget daily fear and pain B. choose the right example

　　C. ask others for decisions D. stay away from stars

　　64. According to the author, the world moves on because of those who are _______.

　　A. desperate to influence others with their knowledge

　　B. ready to turn their original ideas into reality

　　C. eager to discover what their ancestors did

　　D. willing to accept others’ ideas

　　65. The trouble a creator faces is ______________.

　　A. the lack of strong motivation B. the absence of practical ideas

　　C. how to search for more materials D. how to use imagination creatively

　　66. What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

　　A. To highlight the importance of creativity.

　　B. To criticize the characters of role models.

　　C. To compare imitation with creation.

　　D. To explain the meaning of success.

　　D

　　Nuclear energy is a controversial topic. There has been widespread public debate over it. It seems that the nuclear energy is either a gigantic disaster waiting to happen or the all-powerful way of the future.

　　It is often believed that nuclear energy is something we cannot do without. We live in a consumer society with a huge demand for commercial products of all kinds. Besides, an increase in industrial production is considered to be one solution to the problem of mass unemployment. Such an increase assumes an abundant and cheap energy supply. Many people believe that nuclear energy provides an endless and economical source of power and that it is therefore fundamental for an industrially developing society. Among other advantages is that nuclear power, except for accidents, is clean. A further advantage is that a nuclear power station can be run and maintained by relatively technical and administrative staff. The nuclear reactor represents a great step in our scientific evolution and whatever the anti-nuclear group says, it is wrong to expect a return to more primitive sources of fuel.

　　However, opponents (people who oppose something) of nuclear energy point out that nuclear power stations bring a direct danger not only to the environment but also to civil liberties. Environmentalists argue in the long run nuclear energy wastes valuable resources and disturbs the ecology to an extend which could bring about the destruction of the human race. Furthermore, it is questionable whether nuclear power is a cheap source or energy when everything is considered. There have, for example, been very costly accidents in America, in Britain and, of course, in Russia. The possibility of increases in the cost of uranium in addition to the cost of greater safety provisions could price nuclear power out of the market.

　　In spite of the case against nuclear energy above, nuclear energy programs are expanding, which assumes a continual growth in industrial production and consumer demands. However, it is doubtful whether this growth will or can continue. Having weighed up the arguments on both sides, it seems that there are good economic and ecological reasons for sources of energy other than nuclear power.

　　67. What’s the writer’s attitude towards nuclear energy?

　　A. Objective. B. Negative. C. Tolerant. D. Appreciative.

　　68. According to the opponents, which of the following is true of nuclear energy?

　　A. Primitive. B. Endless. C. Cheap. D. Unsafe.

　　69. Some people believe that nuclear energy is the most important because ______.

　　A. nuclear power stations can be run and maintained by relatively few staff

　　B. it can meet the growing demand of an industrially developing society

　　C. it represents a huge step forward in our scientific evolution

　　D. it provides a perfect way out to increase employment

　　70. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?

　　第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Many language learners think that the best way to learn a language is to spend time in a country where the language is spoken. In the past, studying abroad was a distant dream for most people.

　　71. . Many schools offer exchange programmes at various academic levels at a reasonable cost. There are programmes for junior and senior middle schools as well as colleges. Some programmes offer a “home stay” service, i.e. visiting students will live with a host family. This is perhaps the best option for younger students, since it means that the student does not have to worry about meals and housing. Living with a host family is also a wonderful way to learn about the culture in that country. Most exchange students say that they feel as if they were truly part of their host families and they will always stay in touch.

　　72. It is true that exchange students usually become fluent in the new language, but most of them would probably tell you that they also learn many other things that are even more important. Being an exchange student helps you make friends with people from different backgrounds and understand another culture. One year is not enough to learn all about a country or a culture, of course, but it is enough to broaden your horizons and improve your understanding of the world. 73. When you are at home, you seldom stop to think what kind of person you are and what your culture is really like. Being an exchange student, you have to learn to depend upon yourself and you will often be asked to explain your country and culture to others. It may seem strange. 74.

　　Studying abroad may have its disadvantages as well. While exchange students can learn many useful things, it is also possible that some of them may fall behind in their studies. Since exchange students always experience language and culture problems in the beginning, they will not be able to take classes at the same level as at home. 75.

　　If you are thinking of spending some time as a student in a foreign country, you should take everything related to your courses and life into consideration.

　　A. However, it is vital to find an appropriate course for you first of all.

　　B. Many parents even become worried about the children’s safety and concerned about the cost.

　　C. However, it has become easier to find both opportunities and means.

　　D. But the fact is that the year abroad helps understand their own countries and cultures for the first time.

　　E. It is vital that you have improved your capability to think for yourself.

　　F. A year in a foreign country is not just about learning a language.

　　G. What is the most valuable is what you learn about yourself and your own culture.

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