2019年北京高考英语真题及答案(完整版)

　　B

　　Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur(创业者), who in May 2015 set up her business AilieCandy. By the time she was 13，her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could save kids' teeth，instead of destroying them.

　　It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad. On the outing, she was offered a candy bar. However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth. But Moore was sick of missing out on candies. So she desired to get round the warning, "Why can't I make a healthy candy that's good for my teeth so that my parents can't say no to it?" With that in mind, Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company. He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.

　　With her dad's permission, she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly. She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.

　　Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground. Afterwards, she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner, who finally agreed to sell Moore's product-Cancandy.

　　As CanCandy's success grows, so does Moore's credibility as a young entrepreneur. Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created, and she's also positive about what the future might bring. She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.

　　Meanwhile, with her parents' help, Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life. Although she founded her company early on in life, she wasn't driven primarily by profit. Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles. She donates 10% of AilicCandy's profits to Big Smiles. With her talent and determination, it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.

　　34. How did Moore react to her dad's warning?

　　A. She argued with him. B. She tried to find a way out.

　　C. She paid no attention. D. She chose to consult dentists.

　　35. What is special about CanCandy?

　　A. It is beneficial to dental health. B. It is free of sweeteners.

　　C. It is sweeter than other candies. D. It is produced to a dentists' recipe.

　　36. What does Moore expect from her business?

　　A. To earn more money. B. To help others find smiles.

　　C. To make herself stand out. D. To beat other candy companies.

　　37. What can we learn from Alice Moore's story?

　　A. Fame is a great thirst of the young.

　　B.A youth is to be regarded with respect.

　　C. Positive thinking and action result in success.

　　D. Success means getting personal desires satisfied

　　C

　　The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know. By next year，half of the calls we receive will be scams(欺诈).We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools，apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately，it's too little，too late. By the time these “solutions"(解决方案)become widely available，scammers will have moved onto cleverer means. In the near future，it's not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also question whether the voice you're hearing is actually real.

　　That's because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation ( 处理 ) and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use .At this year's I/O Conference ,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human –sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.

　　These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse. The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision A decade of data breaches(数据侵入)of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother 's name ，and far more. Armed with this knowledge. they're able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people. This means. for example，that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller 's，ricking you into "confirming " your address，mother's name，and card number. Scammers follow money，so companies will be the worst hit. A lot of business is still done over the phone，and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that gradually.

　　We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images, showing when and who they were made by. or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like Face Time or WhatsApp, which can be tied to your identity.

　　Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose, and the problem is only going to harder from here on out.

　　38. How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robecalls?

　　A. Panicked. B. Confused. C. Embarrassed. D. Disappointed.

　　39. taking advantage of the new technologies，scammer can______.

　　A. aim at victims precisely B. damage databases easily

　　C. start campaigns rapidly D. spread information widely

　　40. What does the passage imply?

　　A. Honesty is the best policy.

　　B. Technologies can be double-edited.

　　C. There are more solutions than problems.

　　D. Credibility holds the key to development.

　　41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

　　A. Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted

　　B. Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Roboealls

　　C. Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous

　　D. How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology

　　D

　　By the end of the century，if not sooner，the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study.

　　At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物)called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.

　　Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients.

　　Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃，it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ”she said，“but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”

　　42. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?

　　A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.

　　B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.

　　C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.

　　D. The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.

　　43. What does the underlined word“vulnerable”in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

　　A. Sensitive. B. Beneficial C. Significant D. Unnoticeable

　　44. What can we learn from the passage?

　　A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.

　　B. Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes

　　C. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate

　　D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.

　　45. What is the main purpose of the passage?

　　A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes

　　B. To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain

　　C. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans

　　D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton

　　第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，共10分)

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成)in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. 46 Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent?

　　47 They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed For football and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70% of the players are top talent;above that level, the team’s performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball. where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.

　　To explain this phenomenon，the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调)their actions. 48 In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates. They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower. If a basketball star is. for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team's performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in TEAM.” 49

　　Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort. Just as in a game of tug-of-war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.

　　50 .An A-team may require a balance-not just A players，but a few generous B players as well.

　　A. It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.

　　B. Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent

　　C. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention.

　　D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.

　　E. Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.

　　F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.

　　G. This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.

　　第三部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)

　　第一节 (15分)

　　假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：

　　1.交通出行;

　　2.必备衣物。

　　注意：

　　1.词数不少于50;

　　2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。

　　Dear Jim，

　　________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)

　　第二节(20分)

　　假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以“劳动最光荣”为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。

　　注意：词数不少于60。

　　提示词：西瓜watermelon

　　(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)

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