2020年高考英语抢分题型专练及答案(11)

　　C

　　Marie Curie was a Polish physicist and chemist who lived between 1867—1934.Together with her husband，Pierre，she discovered two new elements (radium and polonium，two radioactive elements that they extracted chemically from pitch­blended ore) and studied the x­rays they emitted.She found that the harmful properties of x­rays were able to kill tumors.By the end of World War Ⅰ，Marie Curie was probably the most famous woman in the world.She had made a conscious decision，however，not to patent methods of processing radium or its medical applications.

　　Marie Curie was born on November 7,1867 in Poland and died on July 4,1934.Her co­discovery with her husband Pierre Curie of the radioactive elements radium and polonium represents one of the best­known stories in modern science for which they were recognized in 1901 with the Nobel Prize in Physics.In 1911，Marie Curie was honored with a second Nobel Prize，this time in Chemistry，to honor her for successfully isolating pure radium and determining radium’s atomic weight.

　　As a child，Marie Curie amazed people with her great memory.She learned to read when she was only four years old.Her father was a professor of science and the instruments that he kept in a glass case fascinated Marie.She dreamed of becoming a scientist，but that would not be easy.Her family became very poor，and at the age of 18，Marie became a governess.She helped pay for her sister to study in Paris.Later，her sister helped Marie with her education.In 1891，Marie attended the Sorbonne University in Paris where she met and married Pierre Curie，a well­known physicist.

　　Marie Curie contributed greatly to our understanding of radioactivity and the effects of x­rays.She received two Nobel Prizes for her brilliant work，but died of leukaemia，caused by her repeated exposure to radioactive materials.

　　36.What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A.To give us a general introduction to Madame Curie.

　　B.To show us how Madame Curie discovered radium.

　　C.To tell us how Madame Curie developed as a scientist.

　　D.To tell us how Madame Curie received two Nobel Prizes.

　　37.Madame Curie was given the Nobel Prize in Chemistry because ________.

　　A.she discovered radium

　　B.she separated pure radium and calculated its atomic weight

　　C.she discovered polonium

　　D.she didn’t patent methods of processing radium

　　38.Which of the following statements about Madame Curie is NOT true?

　　A.Madame Curie made great contributions to medical science.

　　B.Madame Curie was very smart and ambitious when she was a child.

　　C.Madame Curie received two Nobel Prizes in Physics.

　　D.Madame Curie’s husband helped her a lot in her research.

　　39.We can infer from the third paragraph that ______.

　　①Madame Curie got married when she was at college.

　　②Madame Curie had a great ambition when she was young.

　　③Madame Curie loved teaching more than anything else.

　　④Madame Curie must have met a lot of difficulties to get high education.

　　⑤Her father had a great influence on Madame Curie’s future career.

　　⑥Madame Curie was very smart when she was a child.

　　A.①②④⑤⑥ B.②④⑤⑥

　　C.②③④⑤⑥ D.①②③④⑤

　　40.Which is the right order about Madame Curie according to the passage?

　　a.married Pierre

　　b.attended university

　　c.discovered radium

　　d.determined radium’s atomic weight

　　e.won the Nobel Prize in Physics

　　A.b，c，a，d，e B.b，a，c，d，e

　　C.b，a，c，e，d D.b，c，a，e，d

　　D

　　Living in the wild can be hard.Finding food and staying safe aren’t easy.Each day，animals struggle to survive in their habitats.Not all animals get by on their own.Some animals form a close partnership with other kinds of animals.These pairings are called symbiotic (共生的) relationships.

　　In a symbiotic relationship，the animals depend on each other.One animal helps the other meet its needs.Sounds good，right? Not always.Some animals are not very kind to their partners.In some cases，one animal meets its needs but hurts its partner.Take ticks，for example.These insects suck blood to live.To get blood，they attach themselves to other kinds of animals.Ticks can pass germs that cause disease instead of helping their hosts.

　　In other relationships，animals don’t treat their partners so poorly.Both animals benefit from living with the other animals.

　　Small animals called cleaner shrimps have found a way of helping fish at coral reefs.As their name suggests，the shrimps clean the fish.They hang out at what scientists call a cleaning station.A fish stops by.Then a shrimp climbs onto the fish and even steps into the fish’s mouth.The shrimp uses its tiny claws to pick stuff off the fish’s body.That can include dead skin，tiny pieces of food，and wee creatures that can hurt the fish.The fish gets a nice cleaning.The shrimp enjoys a tasty meal of fish trash.

　　Small birds called plovers are also in the cleaning business.They have big customers—crocodiles.Crocs have long snouts (鼻子) filled with sharp teeth.Cleaning them is tricky.When a croc opens its mouth，the plover hops right in.The croc does not snap its snout shut.Instead，it lets the plover eat small，harmful animals attached to the crocodile’s teeth.The plover gets an easy meal while the croc gets clean teeth.

　　41.The text is mainly about ________.

　　A.the hard life in the wild

　　B.some dangerous animals

　　C.animals living together

　　D.animals in a symbiotic relationship

　　42.According to the text，in a symbiotic relationship，______.

　　A.animals depend on each other

　　B.birds depend on animals for food

　　C.both sides can get help

　　D.not all animals treat their partners well

　　43.Why do the cleaner shrimps clean the fish?

　　A.To get fish trash for food.

　　B.To eat wee creatures.

　　C.To help fish go out of coral reefs.

　　D.To get food for fish.

　　44.When plovers hop into crocodiles’ mouths，they ________.

　　A.are really to clean crocodiles’ teeth

　　B.are to make crocodiles happy

　　C.aren’t afraid of being eaten

　　D.aren’t happy to clean the crocodiles’ teeth

　　45.According to the text，it can be inferred that ______.

　　A.living in the wild can be hard

　　B.different animals have different living ways

　　C.crocodiles mainly live on plovers

　　D.ticks are useful to some animals

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